Deteriorating mental health has emerged as one of the defining challenges for Europe and its citizens in the 21st century. The COVID-19 pandemic, growing digital pressures, precarious labour conditions and the rising problem of addictive behaviour have underscored the urgency of a comprehensive European strategy. This policy brief demonstrates that mental health is not just a health sector issue, but a cross-cutting priority affecting productivity, social cohesion and resilience of both individuals and our society. The analysis reviews EU policy evolution, highlights progress with the 2023 Commission communication and identifies gaps where European action is most needed.

Three key domains are explored: workplace wellbeing and mental health; impact of digital technologies on mental health; and the link between addictions and mental health. Each issue is also addressed through a gender-sensitive approach. Context, existing evidence, best practices and analysis are highlighted. Recommendations are presented under each headline. The policy brief concludes that the EU must advance a comprehensive mental health strategy, mainstreaming mental health into policies, supporting prevention and early intervention, introducing adequate monitoring practices, regulating harmful practices, and fostering coordination through a harm-reduction lens.

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